Metascience

TL;DR. In Simonsohn’s Small‑Telescopes framework you test whether the true effect is smaller than the effect that would have given the original study 33% power (call this \(d_{33\%}\)). Simonsohn (2015) shows that this requires 2.

We defined, collected, and categorized 40 questionable research practices (QRPs) in quantitative psychology through an iterative, community-consensus process informed by existing literature. By clarifying definitions and documenting potential harms, detectability, clues, and preventive measures for each QRP, we provide a foundation for improving research integrity, transparency, and the reliability of scientific findings.